Preposition adalah kata yang menunjukkan pertalian atau hubungan antara noun, atau antara pronoun dan kata-kata lainnya dalam suatu kalimat.
Contoh
My sister jumps into the pool
There are paintings on the wall
My shoes is under the table
My mom lives in Solo
Lisa threw a stone at the frog
They comes here before me
There are some secret between you and me
Dalam pemakaiannya, preposition tidak mempunyai pola/ketentuan yang pasti. Jadi kita hanya dapat mempelajarinya dengan cara menghafalkan pola pemakaian preposition tertentu, dan menirukan pembicara asli/native speakers dalam menggunakannya.
Berikut ini contoh-contoh pemakaian preposition
Perhatikan maksud dari penggunaan preposition dalam kalimat berikut
In
Position :
Budi is sleeping in his room
Kuta Beach is in Bali
There are many children in the yard
Condition :
They are sitting in the sun (maksudnya duduk di bawah sinar matahari)
Don’t go out in the rain (maksudnya jangan pergi saat hujan)
Are you in difficulties? (maksudnya menanyakan apakah kita sedang dalam kesulitan)
Time :
He got married in March
My mother was born in 1950
I go to school n the morning
Activity :
I spend my time in reading every evening
We must believe in God
In replay to your letter, my mother accompanies me
Into
Motion :
Those doctors walked into the operating theather.
At
Place :
He was at home. (maksudnya tidak di kantor atau di tempat lain)
They are at Sukoharjo.
Put the stamp at the top right corner of the envelope.
There is a drugstore at the corner of the market.
Time :
Mr. Hadi goes to the office at 7.30 in the morning.
People sent card at Idul Fitri day and New Year.
We say our prayer at the end of the lesson.
The thief came at midnight.
Occupation :
My father is at work.
We have bread at breakfast.
Price :
I bought a novel at Rp 50.000,00 rupiahs.
Direction :
Tono hit a bamboo at that cat.
Look at the whiteboad.
On
Place :
The dictionary is on the table.
The clock is on the wall.
Time :
We have flag ceremony on Sunday.
About :
Mrs. Nur gives a lesson on English.
I congratulated him on his cuccess.
Direction :
The army marched on the enemy’s capital.
Nearness :
There is a little house on the river.
The school is on your left hand.
To
Direction :
This is the road to my school.
Before:
This is ten minutes to six.
As far as:
Count from five to ten.
Indirect object:
Adi sends a parcel to his grandmother.
Result:
To my surprise he came to the party, although he was not quite well.
About:
The text tells about a young lady.
Kira-kira:
We will come at about 9 o’clock tonight.
Di sekeliling:
My teacher looks about him.
Di sekitar:
I put it somewhere about here.
Keliling:
The children were happy of wlking about the zoo.
After
setelah:
We will go camping after school.
Rini came after me at Rudy’s party.
Tentang
My grandfather asked after my sister.
Seperti:
The boy was called Amir after his father.
Between
Speaking of two persons or things ( di antara dua orang atau benda)
Fiki is sitting between Indah and Dewi.
The clock is between the map and the cupboard.
By
Before:
I will come by 10 o’clock in the morning.
Transport:
We go to school by bike.
Near:
At night those scout sit by the camp fire.
Oleh:
This book is written by Fauzil Adhim.
Dengan:
This garden is lighted by electricity.
For
Untuk:
This magazine is for you.
Length of time (panjangnya waktu):
We lived here for ten years.
Place of destination (tempat tujuan):
Those boys left for Bali.
Reason (alasan):
He was punished for coming late.
Purpose:
They will go out for walk.
cocok/sesuai:
walking is good for the heatlh.
From
A starting place:
I need ten minutes to ride a motorcycle from home to school.
Material:
This cake is made from sweet potato.
Place of origin:
This picture is from my friend.
Of
Possession:
The house of my uncle is new.
About:
Thell me about the text.
Cause:
Some people die of hunger.
Distance:
My school is about 100 meters of the railway station.
Bali is east of Java.
With
Instrument/tool:
He cut the cloth with the scissors.
Company:
Rudy plyed badminton with Rony.
Possession:
Who is the girl with the pink ribbon?
Manner:
Sinta greeted her friends with smile.
Material added:
The ground was covered with snow.
Concerning:
What do you want with her?
Kata-kata depan lainnya antara lain:
Ahead=kedepan
About=tentang
Above=di atas (tidak menempel)
Among=di antara (banyak benda/orang)
Away=menjauh
According to=menurut
Across=seberang
Behind=dibalik
Before=sebelum
Below=dibawah
Beside=disamping
Backward=mundur
Close to=dekat
Down=bawah
During=selama
Downwards=ke bawah
Front=depan
In front of=didepan
Instead of=daripada
Near=dekat
Next to=di sebelah
Outside=diluar
Over=di atas
Since=sejak
Side=sisi/samping
Sidewards=kea rah
To=kepada
Towards=kea rah
Till=sampai
Through=melalui/lewat
Up=atas
Until=sampai/hingga
Upside down=terbalik
With=dengan
Within=dalam
Without=tanpa
Under=dibawah
In the middle of=di tengah- tengah dari
In the centre of=di tengah-tengah dari
In the back of=di belakang dari
In accordance to=sesuai dengan
Etc.
